ETP & STP Chemicals and Bacteria Culture
Zyax supplies the full set of chemicals and bacteria culture for effluent treatment plants (ETP), sewage treatment plants (STP) and common effluent treatment plants (CETP). From primary treatment to the outlet, we help plant operators meet discharge norms with fewer upsets, less foam and drier sludge.
- Manufacturer & supplier, Mumbai
- Send your water report, get a product recommendation
- Bulk packs, delivered across India
- Range
- PAC and alum, cationic and anionic polyelectrolyte, PolyDADMAC, bacteria culture, nutrients, defoamers, lime and caustic for pH, sodium hypochlorite, SMBS
- Used in
- Housing society and commercial STPs, industrial ETPs, CETPs, hotels, hospitals, malls, IT parks
- Forms
- Powders, liquids and bacteria culture in powder or liquid form
- How we help
- Share your inlet and outlet results (COD, BOD, TSS, pH, oil and grease) and we suggest what to change
Which chemicals does an ETP or STP need?
Every treatment plant follows roughly the same path: remove solids, break down the dissolved organic load with bacteria, separate the sludge, polish and disinfect the treated water. Each stage has its own chemicals:
| Stage | Problem it solves | Chemicals used |
|---|---|---|
| Equalisation and pH correction | Acidic or alkaline effluent upsets biology | Hydrated lime, caustic soda, acids |
| Primary treatment (physico-chemical) | Suspended solids, colour, oil and grease, phosphorus | PAC, alum, PolyDADMAC and anionic polyelectrolyte |
| Biological treatment (aeration, MBBR, SBR, MBR) | High COD and BOD; slow or failed start-up; bacteria lost after shock loads | Bacteria culture, nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) |
| Foam control | Foam overflowing aeration tanks and blowers | Defoamers and antifoam |
| Secondary clarification | Poor settling, cloudy outlet | Coagulant and polyelectrolyte |
| Sludge dewatering | Wet sludge, high disposal cost | Cationic polyelectrolyte |
| Tertiary treatment and reuse | Residual turbidity, smell and colour | Sand filter media, activated carbon |
| Disinfection | Bacteria in treated water used for flushing or gardening | Sodium hypochlorite, chlorine tablets |
| Dechlorination | Excess chlorine before discharge or RO | Sodium metabisulphite (SMBS) |
Bacteria culture for ETP and STP
The heart of most treatment plants is a tank full of bacteria that eat the organic load (measured as BOD and COD). When a plant is new, after a shutdown, or after toxic or shock loads, that population is too small or has died off. Adding a concentrated bacteria culture (bio-culture) re-seeds the tank so it recovers quickly.
Bacteria culture is used to:
- Start up a new STP or ETP faster than waiting for natural growth.
- Recover after a shock load, chemical spill, power failure or long shutdown.
- Improve COD and BOD removal and reduce odour in plants that run below design.
- Break down fats, oils and grease in kitchen, hotel and food effluent.
Bacteria also need food in the right balance. Many industrial effluents lack nitrogen or phosphorus, so a nutrient supplement may be needed alongside the culture. Keep dissolved oxygen, pH and temperature in range, or the culture will not survive.
Common plant problems and what helps
| What you see | Likely cause | What usually helps |
|---|---|---|
| High COD or BOD at the outlet | Too few active bacteria, overload, low oxygen | Bacteria culture, nutrients, check aeration and retention time |
| Thick white or brown foam on aeration tank | Detergents, surfactants or filamentous bacteria | Defoamer for quick control; find and fix the cause |
| Sludge does not settle, cloudy outlet | Bulking sludge, poor flocculation | Coagulant and polyelectrolyte; check sludge age and oxygen |
| Wet sludge from filter press or screw press | Wrong polyelectrolyte grade or dose | Trial cationic polyelectrolyte grades |
| Bad smell | Low oxygen, septic conditions, sludge build-up | Improve aeration, remove excess sludge, bacteria culture |
| Colour in textile or dye effluent | Dyes not removed by biology | PolyDADMAC or other decolourising coagulant, activated carbon |
How to get the right chemicals for your plant
- Send your lab results: inlet and outlet COD, BOD, TSS, pH, oil and grease, and the discharge norms you must meet.
- Tell us about the plant: type (ETP or STP), capacity in KLD, technology (MBBR, SBR, ASP, MBR) and current chemicals.
- Describe the problem: foam, smell, poor settling, wet sludge, outlet failing norms.
- Get our recommendation: which chemicals to use, where to dose them and in what pack sizes.
Who we supply
- Housing societies and townships
- Hotels and resorts
- Hospitals
- Malls, offices and IT parks
- Pharma and chemical units
- Textile and dyeing
- Food, dairy and beverage
- Paper and pulp
- Automobile and engineering
- CETPs
- STP and ETP operation and maintenance contractors
Grades and specifications
Typical values for each grade we supply. Technical data sheet and safety data sheet available on request.
COD and BOD reduction chemical
Removes particle-bound COD before biological treatment so the aeration stage works more efficiently.
| HS code | 38249022 |
|---|
Odour control chemical
Absorbs and neutralises sulphides, mercaptans, ammonia and amines at STPs, ETPs, sumps and sludge areas.
| HS code | 38249022 |
|---|
ETP & STP Chemicals: product range
Each product line has its own page with uses, dosing guidance and FAQs.
Frequently asked questions
What chemicals are used in an STP?
An STP typically uses bacteria culture to start or recover the biological process, a coagulant such as PAC and a polyelectrolyte for settling and sludge dewatering, a defoamer for foam, and sodium hypochlorite to disinfect treated water. Lime or caustic soda may be needed for pH correction.
What chemicals are used in an ETP?
It depends on the industry, but most ETPs use pH correction chemicals, coagulants (PAC, alum or PolyDADMAC), polyelectrolytes, bacteria culture and nutrients for biological treatment, defoamers, and disinfection or dechlorination chemicals.
What is bacteria culture in STP?
Bacteria culture (bio-culture) is a concentrated blend of microbes added to the aeration tank to start a new plant, or to recover one after a shutdown or shock load, so the plant removes BOD and COD properly.
How long does bacteria culture take to work?
It depends on the plant, the load, oxygen, pH and temperature. Improvement usually shows over days to a few weeks, not hours. Keeping aeration and pH in range makes a big difference.
Why is there foam in my STP aeration tank?
Foam usually comes from detergents and surfactants in the sewage, from a young or overloaded biological process, or from filamentous bacteria. A defoamer controls it quickly, but the cause should also be checked.
How do I reduce COD in my ETP?
Check that the biological stage has enough bacteria, oxygen, nutrients and retention time, and that primary treatment is removing what it should. Bacteria culture, correct coagulation and good aeration are the usual levers. Share your results and we can suggest next steps.
Which polyelectrolyte is used for STP sludge dewatering?
Usually a cationic polyelectrolyte, because STP sludge is mostly organic. The best grade depends on the sludge and the dewatering machine, so a short trial of two or three grades is worthwhile.
Do you supply chemicals to STP maintenance contractors?
Yes. We supply O&M contractors who run several plants, as well as housing societies and industries that run their own plants.
Can I send my lab report on WhatsApp?
Yes. WhatsApp a photo of your latest lab report to +91 98333 22685 and tell us the plant type and capacity.
Get a quote for ETP and STP chemicals
Tell us what you are treating and how much you use. Send your water or effluent analysis if you have one, and we will recommend the right product and pack size.
Related water treatment products

Polyelectrolyte Flocculants & Coagulants
Cationic and anionic polyelectrolytes, PolyDADMAC and polyamines for clarification and sludge dewatering.

Poly Aluminium Chloride (PAC) & Alum
Fast-acting coagulants for drinking water, ETPs and STPs.

Defoamers & Antifoam Agents
Silicone and non-silicone defoamers for ETPs, STPs and process water.

Activated Carbon
Granular, pelletised, powdered and silver-impregnated carbon for water and air.
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